What is chlamydia?
Chlamydia are bacteria of the species Chlamydia trachomatis, which are among the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. They preferentially affect the mucous membranes of the urogenital tract, but can also infect the throat or eyes. An infection often progresses without symptoms, which favours the unnoticed spread of the infection. Common symptoms include a burning sensation when urinating, unusual discharge or pain in the lower abdomen.
Due to the asymptomatic course, many infections remain untreated, which can lead to serious complications such as infertility in women. Men can suffer from inflammation of the prostate or epididymis. Infection usually occurs through unprotected sexual intercourse, but smear infections, for example via sex toys or hands, are also possible.
Symptoms and diagnosis of chlamydia
As mentioned, a chlamydia infection is asymptomatic in many of those affected. When symptoms do occur, men often experience itching and discharge in the urethra, while women may suffer from discharge or pain in the pelvic area. Complications mainly occur with untreated infections, which can lead to ascending inflammation of the uterus or fallopian tubes and, in the worst case, to infertility. As symptoms are often absent, regular testing is important, especially for sexually active people with changing partners. The infection is diagnosed by means of a smear or urine test, depending on the affected body region.
Treatment and prevention of chlamydia
The treatment of chlamydia is usually uncomplicated and is carried out with antibiotics such as azithromycin or doxycycline. A single dose is often sufficient, depending on the individual case. After treatment, unprotected sex should be avoided for a week to prevent further spread.
It is also important to treat all sexual partners in order to avoid re-infection - especially as many infections are asymptomatic. Regular tests and protective measures such as condoms help to recognise and prevent infections at an early stage. Routine examinations are particularly useful for people with frequently changing partners. Early detection not only protects your own health, but also that of your partner.
Health effects and risks
Untreated chlamydia can have long-term consequences. In women, the infection can spread to the fallopian tubes and cause inflammation there, leading to adhesions and therefore infertility. In men, the vas deferens and epididymis can be affected, which can also impair fertility. Another complication is Reiter's syndrome, which causes inflammation of the joints, eyes and urethra. A chlamydia infection also increases the risk of contracting HIV, as inflamed mucous membranes are more susceptible to the virus. Sources: Aidshilfe Darmstadt e.V., Aids-Hilfe Dresden e.V., Schalk:Pichler group practice
Where can I turn?
There are various places in Vienna that you can contact if you suspect you have chlamydia:
- General practitioner or gynaecologist: They can carry out a test or refer you to a specialist centre.
- HIV and STI outpatient clinics as at Vienna General Hospital or at the Aids Help Vienna.
- Johann Strauss Pharmacy: We also offer rapid chlamydia tests here.
It is important to act quickly to avoid possible complications.
